医改背景下某三甲医院合理使用医用耗材效果研究

目的:通过研究医改背景下某三甲医院合理使用医用耗材的管理成效,探索科学的医用耗材控费路径。方法:深圳市某三甲医院实施耗材使用管控方案,对该医院管控方案实施前后耗材使用数据进行统计分析。结果:2016-2018年,全院百元医疗收入(不含药品收入)中卫生材料费用呈现下降趋势,对于百元医疗收入(不含药品收入)中耗材费用,骨关节外科、骨脊柱外科、心内科连续2年降低,耗材管控方案实施后,骨关节外科、骨脊柱外科、心内科的单台手术耗材费下降,胸外科、胃肠外科有所上升。结论:耗材合理使用管理措施取得成效;为进一步提高耗材管理效率,可采取单病种管理、优化耗材遴选准入机制、实施耗材供应链精益管理等措施。     

疫情防控呼唤着医学人文的彰显和学科建设

疫情防控需要医学科学的严谨,也需要医学人文的温暖。此次抗击新型冠状病毒疫情中,时有医学人文缺失的现象。疫情防控中重视和发挥医学人文精神和人文关怀的特殊作用,践行医学人文对于落实以人为本具有现实意义和作用。高等医药院校应积极发挥医学人文学科专业优势,通过心理援助、疫情防控依法合规建言献策、承担委托课题等提供智力支持,并以此为契机,大力加强医学人文教育和学科专业建设,提升水平。     

Developing a career in academic paediatrics

Many trainees think about research towards the end of clinical training, but at that stage, it may be too late to get the most from the limited opportunities that remain. Ideally, trainees should consider research early in their career. For some, a career in academic paediatrics may be attractive, in which case following the clinical academic pathway as outlined by the National Institutes of Health Research may be appropriate. For others, research may be part of a wider clinical training. This article discusses a variety of research opportunities available to trainees, and offers advice on a career in academic paediatrics.     

泌尿外科医务人员感染新型冠状病毒的路径及其影响

目的分析泌尿外科医务人员感染新型冠状病毒的路径、途径、诊断与治疗及其心理反应,为泌尿外科从业者突发公共卫生事件中预防感染提供参考。方法以武汉大学中南医院泌尿外科感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的3名医生和3名护士为调查对象,采用专用问卷及访谈相结合的方法,从感染路径、感染途径、可能的感染因素、首发症状、确诊后的诊断与治疗、感染后心理情绪的变化等方面进行研究。结果全部纳入6位被感染的医护人员,直接或间接被1例患新型冠状病毒肺炎的血尿患者所感染。主要的感染因素为对该病的不知情导致意识及防护不足所致。最主要的症状为发热。确诊后均得到了及时、有效的诊断和治疗,使用最多的药物为抗病毒药盐酸阿比朵尔。确诊后被感染人员的心理压力和情绪均发生了很大的变化,引起变化的首位原因为对自身疾病的担忧。均建议医院从应急方案和工作流程、开展全员培训、医务人员防护、关注医务人员健康这4个方面进行改善。结论泌尿外科属于低风险的感染科室,需进一步加强应对突发性传染性疾病的培训及提升相关的意识,特别是在传染性疾病高峰时节应做好相关防护。     

The role of online videos in teaching procedural skills to post-graduate medical learners: A systematic narrative review

Abstract

Objective: Online videos are commonly used in medical education. The aim of this review was to investigate the role of online instructional videos in teaching procedural skills to postgraduate medical learners.

Methods: This systematic narrative review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, ERIC and Google Scholar were searched. Full texts that applied to online videos, postgraduate medical learners and procedural skills were included without language restrictions. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using a validated tool. A thematic analysis of the studies was carried out using a general inductive approach.

Results: A total of 785 articles were retrieved and the full text was reviewed for 66 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Twenty papers that were relevant to the role of online videos in postgraduate medical education of procedural skills were used for this review. They were heterogenous in the outcomes collected and the evidence was of variable quality. There was strong evidence for the use of online videos for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Online videos were used for various purposes, such as supervision, assessment, postoperative debriefing, providing feedback, and promoting reflection.

Conclusion: Online videos are a valuable educational tool especially for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Future research needs to be carried out on the appropriate use of platforms in disseminating and using online videos, identifying the factors surrounding the learners, video characteristics, and data protection.     

Benefits of Optimizing Heart Failure Medication Dosage

Heart failure is the leading cause of hospitalizations and readmissions. Guideline-directed medical therapy is the cornerstone to improving outcomes, but less than 20% of patients with heart failure marked by reduced ejection fraction receive target doses. This report reviews the neurohormonal cascade that occurs in heart failure and the role of guideline-directed medical therapy based on the results of landmark trials. In addition, evidence-based strategies to up-titrate medications are described. Nurse practitioners are in an optimal situation to titrate guideline therapy with frequent follow-up and monitoring.